Apo ngura dzebrown (makwapa) dzinooneka pamusoro pepombi dzesimbi dzisina simbi, vanhu vanoshamiswa zvikuru: “Simbi isina simbi haina ngura, uye kana ikaita ngura, haisi simbi, uye pangava nechinetso nesimbi.”Muchokwadi, iyi ipfungwa yedivi rimwechete pamusoro pekushaikwa kwekunzwisisa kwesimbi isina tsvina.Simbi isina tsvina ichaitawo ngura pasi pemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu.
1. Simbi isina ngura haina ngura
Simbi isina tsvina inoburitsawo okisijeni pamusoro.Iyo ngura yesimbi yesimbi isina tsvina parizvino pamusika inokonzerwa nekuvapo kweCr element.Mudzi wechikonzero (mechanism) yestainless simbi corrosion resistance ndiyo passive film theory.Iyo inonzi passivation firimu ifirimu rakatetepa rinonyanya kuumbwa neCr2O3 pamusoro pesimbi isina tsvina.Nekuda kwekuvapo kweiyi firimu, kuodzwa kwesimbi isina simbi substrate mune dzakasiyana midhiya kunodziviswa, uye chiitiko ichi chinonzi passivation.Pane zviitiko zviviri zvekuumbwa kweiyi passivation firimu.Imwe ndeyokuti simbi isina tsvina pachayo ine simba rekuzvifambisa, uye iyi yekuzvimisa-passivation inokurumidzira nekuwedzera kwekromium content, saka ine rust resistance;Mamiriro ekugadzirisa akawedzera ndeokuti simbi isina tsvina inoumba firimu rekufambisa mukati mekuita corroded mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemvura (electrolytes), iyo inodzivisa kuora.Kana iyo passivation firimu yakuvadzwa, nyowani passivation firimu inogona kuumbwa nekukurumidza.
Chikonzero nei firimu resimbi resimbi riine simba rekuramba corrosion rine hunhu hutatu: chimwe ndechekuti ukobvu hwepassive film hwakatetepa zvakanyanya, kazhinji mamicrons mashoma kana chromium iri> 10.5%;imwe iyo chaiyo giravhiti reiyo passive firimu rakakura pane chaiyo giravhiti ye substrate;maitiro maviri aya anoratidza kuti passivation firimu zvose zviri mutete uye dense, saka zvakaoma kuti passive firimu kuputswa pasi corrosive medium kuti nokukurumidza corrode substrate;chimiro chechitatu ndechekuti chromium concentration ratio yefirimu passive The substrate inopfuura katatu yakakwirira;saka, iyo passive firimu ine yakakwira corrosion resistance.
2. Pasi pemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, simbi isina tsvina ichasvibiswawo
Mamiriro ekushandisa esimbi isina simbi yakaoma zvakanyanya, uye iyo yakapfava chromium oxide passive firimu haigone kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvekupokana kwepamusoro.Naizvozvo, zvinhu zvakaita se molybdenum (Mo), mhangura (Cu), uye nitrogen (N) zvinoda kuwedzerwa kusimbi zvinoenderana nemamiriro akasiyana ekushandisa kuti uvandudze kuumbwa kwefirimu yepasi uye nekuwedzera kunatsiridza kushora kwesimbi isina tsvina.Kuwedzerwa kweMo kunokurudzira zvakasimba kusanganisa passivation nokuti chigadzirwa chakasvibiswa MoO2- chiri pedyo ne substrate uye chinodzivirira kuparara kwe substrate;kuwedzera kweCu kunoita kuti iyo passive firimu pamusoro pesimbi isina tsvina ine CuCl, iyo inovandudza kushanda kweiyo passive firimu nekuti haina kupindirana neyakaora svikiro.Corrosion resistance;kuwedzera N, nekuti iyo passivation firimu yakafumiswa neCr2N, iyo Cr yekumisikidza mune passivation firimu inowedzerwa, nekudaro inovandudza kushora kwesimbi yesimbi isina tsvina.
Iyo corrosion resistance yesimbi isina tsvina inoenderana.Giredhi resimbi isina simbi inoshingirira mukuora mune imwe svikiro, asi inogona kukuvara mune imwe svikiro.Panguva imwecheteyo, kupikisa kwekuora kwesimbi isina tsvina kunewo hukama.Kusvika pari zvino, hapana simbi isina tsvina iyo isingaparadzi zvachose munzvimbo dzese.
Simbi isina simbi inokwanisa kurwisa kusvibiswa kwemuchadenga-kureva, kuramba ngura, uye zvakare inokwanisa kukanganisa mumidhiya ine acid, alkali, uye munyu-kureva kuti, corrosion resistance.Nekudaro, saizi yeayo anti-corrosion kugona inoshandurwa nekemikari yesimbi pachayo, mamiriro ekudzivirira, mamiriro ekushandisa uye mhando yezvenhau nharaunda.Semuyenzaniso, 304 simbi pombi ine zvachose yakanakisa anti-corrosion kugona munzvimbo yakaoma uye yakachena, asi kana ikaendeswa kunharaunda yegungwa, ichaita ngura munguva pfupi iri mumhute yegungwa ine munyu wakawanda;nepo 316 simbi pombi inoratidza zvakanaka.Nokudaro, haisi yemhando ipi zvayo yesimbi isina tsvina inogona kurwisa corrosion uye ngura mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-23-2022